Die Rothschilds plot
Because William I of Hesse refused to join the French-backed Confederation of the Rhine when it was formed in 1806, he was threatened by Napoleon. In Frankfurt he asked his agent Mayer Amschel Rothschild to hand over £600,000 worth of bonds he had received from Britain to bring his army to safety in England. Rothschild, however, used the money for his own purposes, with the help of his sons, Nathan in London and James in Paris. They first used the money to finance Wellington's army in the Spanish war against Napoleon, at favorable interest rates.